pessenger



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. S. PESSENGER.

STEAM BOILER.

Patented June 2, 1885.

MIIIHHHHI WITNESS E5 INVENTUR= (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. S. PESSENGER.

STEAM BOILER.

Patented June 2 HUM UUUHLIUUHIJHHUUUL- mnnnnnnnnmn- WITNEEEEE:

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JOHN S. FESSENGER, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

STEAiVl BOlLER.

SPSCIFICATIONforming part. of Letters Patent No. 319,120, dated June 2, 1885.

1o walls; also side walls back of the fire-box, and

also the bridge-walls, either for an ordinary boiler of cylindrical form ora sectional boiler of any kind, made of coils of pipe in any form, with return-bends, elbows, and other connec- I 5 tions inclosed either wholly or with some parts left for access to the interior of the pipe by jackets of metal cast around the pipes, the objects being to provide furnace-walls in which much of the heat absorbed by the ordinary 2o walls will be utilized for generating steam,

and which will add materially to the capacity of the boiler, and also to re-enforce the metal of the pipes with coverings of cast metal, for protection from the fire.

My invention also consists of an improved contrivance of sectional boilers consisting wholly of coils thus incorporated in plates of metal cast around the pipes of the coils, all as hereinafter fully described, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, in

which Figure l is a longitudinal sectional elevation ofa boiler having firebox walls, also side walls back of the firebox, and also the bridge-wall,

5 together with a sectional construction of the rest of the boiler, made of coils of pipes covered with metal cast around them, the section being on line to m, Fig. 5. Figs. 2 and 3 are 'details of a form of return-bend that I propose n to employ in the construction of the coils, said the boiler on the line :5 2, as seen looking toward the front from the rear.

I make the front wall, a, also the side walls, b, of the fire-box, also the side walls, 0, back of the fire-box, and also the bridge-wall d, of

coils of steam-pipe e, incorporated in metal plates by casting the metal f forming the plates around the pipes of the coils, so that by causing the water to pass through these walls much of the heat which wastes in the ordinary side walls will be utilized and the capacity of the boiler for holding water and for generating steam will be correspondingly increased.

The coils may be made in any approved form, with elbows, Ts, return-bends, and

other connections or fittings of common form, or with any specially-contrived fittings, and the coils for the respective walls may be incorporated in a single casting, as I have herein represented them, the said respective coils being suitably connected together and placed in the mold suitably prepared for enveloping them all together by the casting of the plates, or the coils for the respective walls may be covered separately by the cast metal, said coils having suitable provision for making the requisite connections for the circulation of the water. In this example I have represented the walls thus made integral with each other, including the bridge-wall, making the coil for the bridge-wall suitably for receiving the feedwater at h and distributing it equally between the two side walls, b, and also through the two parts of the front wall, a, to the outlet i for delivering the hot water to the upper part of the boiler through the steam-pipe a.

The bridge-wall coil is in this case made in two parts, for the purpose of effecting equal distribution of the water through both side walls of the fire-box, to which it delivers the water through the vertical pipes at the ends of the horizontal pipes of said bridgewall, and which discharge the water to the lowest pipes of the side walls, through which it first flows to the frontof the fire-box, to and through the lower coils of the front wall, and thence back and forth through coils of the front and side walls to the top of the same, where both side walls are connected by the upper pipe of the front wall, so that both side walls discharge into the outlet 03, for being delivered into the upper part of the boiler, which may be of the sectional type herein represented, or any other sectional form, or it may be an ordinary cylindcr-boiler, and whether of sectional or cylindrical form, the side walls, I), may be extended as much higher than herein represented as the nature of the case may require. For instance, in the case of a cylindrical boiler it would be desirable to extend the side walls up along the sides of the cylinder to the top or thereabout, in which case each side wall Z} would preferably have its own outlet '5 discharging into the cylinder,

but the front wall, a, would terminate under the front end of the cylinder. The coil of the front wall, a, of the firebox is also separated into two parts, partly for the purpose of effecting equal circulation through the'sides and partly to provide for the fire-door j,- but I desire it to be understood that my invention is not limited to any particular contrivauce of the coils for circulation, nor to the construction of the walls integrally or separately.

For a simple, cheap, efficient, and durable contrivance for the construction of the sectional boiler I propose to employ this same device of coils of pipe protected with an exterior r5 jacket of cast metal, and forming plates which may be so disposed in the make up of the boiler as to form return-fines by which the length of the run of the products of combustion may be extended within a short longitudinal space and limited height to the utmost limit that will be beneficial for economy of heat.

The contrivance of these sections and the arrangement of the coils therein for circulation may be varied to suit the nature and form of the boiler or other conditions; but an arrangement which I prefer consists of a plain coil of one range of pipes of suitable length and breadth, with a flange, It, along the margin of each edge on one side to rest on the furnace-wall or the section below for separating the several sections to provide the fluespaces Z, said flanges each having one length of pipe connected in the coil, and into one of which, m, the water will be delivered from the stand-pipe a, while the other of said flangepipes, 0, will discharge into the hot-water or steam stand-pipe p, which discharges into the dome q. Tlese sections, being superposed in any desired number, will be dodged or staggered at the ends, as shown in Fig. 1, to form the return-passages s of the flues, in which the course of the products of combustion are indicated by the mutilated arrows, and the water-circulation is shown by the arrows of complete form.

The ordinary return-bends, t, (shown in the two lower sections, Figs. 1 and 4,) may be employed in the construction of the coils, if desired, and they will preferably be covered with the jacket of cast metal, but for enabling the pipes of the coil to be opened for cleaning out, I propose to use a 1'eturn-bend, a, of rectangular or other form, having a hand hole opening, 7), in front of the ends of the pipes, through which the ends of the pipes may be expanded for making the connection of the pipes with the bends, and having a hand-hole cover, w, with which I propose to employ an exterior plate, a', for holding the bolt y, that will completely cover the opening for providing a dead-air space, 2, to economize heat, and will make one or more vents, a, to allow of the escape of water in case any should leak past the cover 10.

In this case the cast-metal jackets will be stopped a little short of the ends of the pipes,

use in boiler-furnaces by casting metal on.

coils of pipes for the circulation of water through the plates, and I do not claim such plates, broadly.

The furnace-walls and the rest of the boiler thus made of coils protected with cast-iron may be used with advantage for a hot-air furnace by admitting air to the coils instead of water; but it would be better to make the coils of larger pipe in such case than is neces sary for a boiler.

\Vhat I claim, and desire to secure by Let ters Patent, is

1. The combination, in a boilerfurnace, of the front wall, a, side walls, I), bridge-wall, d, and the side walls, 0, back of the bridge-wall, consisting of plates formed of coils of pipe incorporatedwith metal jackets cast upon the coils, and the coils being connected for the circulation of the water through the plates, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with a boiler, of furnace-walls consisting of coils of pipe incorporated with castmetal jackets cast upon the coils and forming plates, and said coil-plates having suitable connections for causing the circulation of water through them to the boiler, substantially as described.

3. Coil-plates for sectional boilers, consisting of a plain flat plate with a flange along the margins of one side to support the plates over a space for a heat-flue, said plates having the coil of pipesincorporated in the main body and in the flanges, substantially as described.

4. The combination, in asteam-boiler,ofsectional flanged coil-plates of steam-pipe incorporated with cast-metal jackets, and furnacewalls, also consisting of coil-plates of steam pipe incorporated with cast-metal jackets, said furnace-walls and sectional plates being IIC suitably connected for the circulation of water and steam, substantially as described. 7

5. The combination, in a steam-boiler, of furnace-walls consisting of plates formed of coils of pipe incorporated with metal jackets cast upon the coils, and a series of superimposed plain flat coil-plates having a flange along the margins of one side to support them over spaces for heat-flues, said plates being alternately detached from and connected at the ends with the end walls of the furnace to form a flue extending along both sides of each plate, substantially as described.

JOHN S. PESSENGER. Witnesses:

Gno. H. GOODMANSON, D. D. llIAGMULLEN. 

